Mastoid Exploration

Also known as mastoidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove diseased mastoid air cells from the mastoid bone. It is also used to remove abnormal tissue in the ear known as cholesteatoma. Mastoid exploration or mastoidectomy is usually performed under general anesthesia and it takes around 2 to 3 hours to complete the procedure. There are 3 different types of mastoid exploration procedures, which are done based on the extent of ear diseases.

Cortical Mastoidectomy: Removes infected air cells to improve middle ear ventilation.
Radical Mastoidectomy: An extensive surgery to remove diseased mastoid air cells along with most of the middle ear structures in case of complicated mastoid diseases like ear cancers etc.
Modified Radical Mastoidectomy: A simplified version of radical mastoidectomy, in which infected mastoid air cells and some middle ear structures are removed to treat chronic ear infections or cholesteatoma.

Mastoidectomy helps to clear all the diseased parts of the mastoid bone and reduces the risk of complications such as hearing loss, facial paralysis, brain infections, and affecting the sense of balance.

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Tympanoplasty

It is a surgical procedure that reconstructs the eardrum and can also repair or replace the three tiny bones called ossicles in the middle ear. Tympanoplasty is similar to myringoplasty which is performed to repair the perforated eardrum along with the repair of ossicles and is done either under general or local anesthesia. Tympanoplasty can be of different types based on the extension of the disease. The duration of the procedure depends on the type of tympanoplasty performed, which can range between 30 minutes to 2 hours. Tympanoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure and does not require a longer hospital stay. It helps in reducing the risk of recurrent ear infections and improves hearing quality.

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Ossiculoplasty

Ossiculoplasty is a procedure that aids in the reconstruction of the ossicles, the three tiny bones in the middle ear. It helps to restore the functionality of ossicles and improves hearing quality in patients suffering from conductive hearing loss. Ossiculoplasty involves either reshaping or repositioning the existing bones or replacing the damaged bones with prosthetic bones to recreate the middle ear sound conducting mechanism. The procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia, but in children, it should be done under general anesthesia.

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Myringotomy and Grommet Insertion

Myringotomy is a surgical procedure to relieve pressure or drain fluid from the middle ear. It improves the ventilation of the middle ear in patients suffering from glue ear, also known as secretory or serous otitis media. Myringotomy involves a small incision in the eardrum to drain the fluid by micro-suction. A grommet or small tube is inserted into the incision made during myringotomy to maintain the middle ear ventilation. The grommets remain inside the ear for a longer period or can fall out by themselves. This procedure is performed under local anesthesia in adults and under general anesthesia in children. Myringotomy and grommet insertion results in immediate improvement in hearing quality.

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Stapedotomy

Stapedotomy is a surgical procedure that involves fixation of the stapes, one of the three tiny bones in the middle ear. This procedure involves creating a small hole within the central footplate of the stapes and inserting a piston-like prosthesis to restore mobility. It is used to treat conductive hearing loss due to otosclerosis and improves hearing quality. Stapedotomy is a safe and cost-effective procedure usually done under local anesthesia, while some patients are given general anesthesia such as children or who feel uncomfortable and afraid of surgeries.

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Ear Piercing

Ear piercing is nothing but creating a hole either on the ear lobes or cartilage to allow the insertion of earrings. But medical ear piercing ensures safety with the use of sterile products and hygienic methods when compared to other traditional methods. It involves using single-use sterile tools that remain packed until their use to prevent cross-contamination. Medical ear piercing speeds up the process without compromising on safety. It also prevents the risk of allergies and infections that can develop in the future due to inappropriate products used while ear piercing

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Ear lobule Suturing

Ear lobule suturing is a surgery to correct the tears or splits in the earlobe. It can be performed to correct either partial, full, or multiple tears in the earlobes. Ear lobe suturing is a simple procedure that takes 10 to 15 minutes and performed under local anesthesia to comfort the patient. The procedure involves cleansing the area, marking for the planned excision, and then suture the ear. The ear lobe suturing restores the normal appearance to the ears or creates a new position of the earlobe for a better proportion with the face.

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Facial Nerve Decompression

Facial nerve decompression is a complicated surgery to relieve abnormal compression on the facial nerve that causes facial paralysis. It requires advanced surgical techniques and should be performed by an expert to avoid risks and complications in the future after the surgery. The procedure involves the removal of the bone that constricts the facial nerve to expand. As facial nerve decompression is a complex surgery, it is performed under general anesthesia It is an effective treatment for patients who are suffering from the symptoms of facial paralysis for the long-term.

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Cochlear Implant

A cochlear implant is a surgical procedure to implant a electronic hearing device, designed to produce useful hearing sensations to a person with severe to profound nerve deafness by electrically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear.

These implants usually consist of 2 main components:

• The externally worn microphone, sound processor and transmitter system.
• The implanted receiver and electrode system, which contains the electronic circuits that receive signals from the external system and send electrical currents to the inner ear.

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